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Uthelekiso lwelizwi lembongi kwisihobe sikazolani mkiva nomzwakhe mbuli

Nakubeni luninzi uphando olwenziweyo ngesihobe somthonyama ziingcali ezifana nooQangule (1979), Ntuli (1984), Sirayi (1985), Bokoda (1994), Mtumane (2000), Bobelo (2008) noJadezweni (2013), luncinci uphando olunzulu ngemisebenzi yobugcisa yeembongi zomthonyama eMzantsi Afrika ngexesha elilandela ubandlululo. Kwiphulo lokungciba eli thanda, ndenze isifundo esithelekisa iimbongi ezimbini zomthonyama ezitshatsheleyo kwixesha elilandela ubandlululo eMzantsi Afrika, uZolani Mkiva noMzwakhe Mbuli. Esi sifundo songeza umahluko omncinane kulwazi lwethu lwesihobe somthonyama njengoko sinika inkcazo yesihobe somthonyama esusela kwiimbono zomthonyama.

USwanepoel (1990) ucela umngeni kwiingcali zoncwadi lomthonyama ukuba zinike ingqwalasela kukuphuhla koncwadi kwizizwe abamelene nazo kuba ukuthelekisa olu ncwadi kuvelisa iimbono ezintsha neziluncedo ngoncwadi lomthonyama. Ngaphaya koko, iingcali ezifana nooGerard (1981) nooPerera (1991) zithethelela ukuveliswa nokwamkelwa kwendlela yokuthelekisa ekuphandweni koncwadi lomthonyama. Oku kukhokelele iingcali ezifana noMdaka (2002) zivavanye indlela yokuthelekisa ekuhloleni ingcingambono nobugcisa kwiinoveli zoMzantsi Afrika ezibhalwe ngesiXhosa nezaseKenya ezibhalwe ngesiNgesi. Kananjalo, uCutalele (2007) usebenzise le ndlela yokuthelekisa ekuphandeni imixholo efanayo kwimisebenzi yobugcisa kaS.E.K. Mqhayi noZolani Mkiva. Ekusabeleni kumngeni kaSwanepoel, injongo yolu phando kukuphanda nokuhla amahlongwane ukubaluleka kwelizwi lembongi ekudandalaziseni imiba esematheni netshisa ibunzi eMzantsi Afrika emveni kobandlululo ndawonye nezisombululo ezivezwa zezi mbongi (Mkiva noMbuli) kwezinye zeengxaki uMzantsi Afrika ojongene nazo. Kolu phando, indlela yokuphanda igxile kwiingcingane zikaMarx eziqaqanjiswa ngokaNgara (1990).

Ukhetho lwale ngcamango kaNgara ngengcingane kaMarx lugxile kwiingcingane zakhe ngengcingambono, imo nonxibelelwano ekuhlalutyeni isihobe. UNgara uyahlula kathathu ingcingambono: ingcingambono etshatsheleyo nebhekisele kwiinkolelo, izinto ezixabisekileyo, iingcinga nezenzo zabantu kwixesha elithile, ingcingambono yombhali egxile kwizinto ezixatyiswe yimbongi nengcingambono yobugcisa ebhekisele kwizangotshe nobuchule bokuvelisa uncwadi ezisetyenziswa yimbongi. Ekusebenziseni indlela yokuthelekisa, ilizwi lembongi kwisihobe sikaMbuli noMkiva sithelekiswa phantsi kweengcingambono ezintathu – ukunkqangiyelela inguqu, ubuthandazwe nomzabalazo. Phantsi kokunkqangiyelela inguqu, ndinezintlu ezimbini, ukunkqangiyelela inguqu kupolitiko loluntu kwanokunkqangiyelela inguqu kwinkqubo yoluntu. Unkwintsho lukaMbuli noMkiva lunkqangiyelela inguqu kwimiba yezopolitiko nakwinkqubo yenkcubeko kuMzantsi Afrika osemveni kobandlululo. Bashukuxa imiba efana nobunkokheli, intlalontle yabemi boMzantsi Afrika, izinto ezitshisa ibunzi kweli xesha. Kwilizwi lobuthandazwe, ndihlalutye imibongo etyhila uthando nokunyaniseka kwilizwe labo. Ekudakanceni uthando nokunyaniseka kwilizwe labo, kuyacaca ukuba kuMbuli noMkiva, ilizwe lithetha iAfrika, hayi nje uMzantsi Afrika.

Ngaphaya koko, kumzabalazo, ndihlalutye imibongo ebonga iinkokheli zomzabalazo kwanemibongo evakalisa umzabalazo omtsha wabantu baseMzantsi Afrika. Ekubongeni iinkokheli zomzabalazo, uMbuli noMkiva babalula iimpawu zenkokheli eyiyo ukuze iqela elisakhulayo leenkokheli lifunde kuzo. Kananjalo, bakwashukuxa imiba yoqoqosho nomhlaba njengomzabalazo omtsha kuMzantsi Afrika omtsha. Ekuphandeni nasekuhlahlubeni isihobe sezi mbongi, ndifumanise ukuba ingcingambono yabo yokunkqangiyelela inguqu neyomzabalazo ibonisa ukuphunza nokuphanza kwamaphupha abantu emveni kwenkululeko. Bathetha kalukhuni ngorhwaphilizo lweenkokheli ngeli lixa bekhalimela abo banyhasha amalungelo amanina nabantwana, izinto ebesicinga zingcwatywe nobandlululo. Ngaphaya koko, basazisa kumzabalazo omtsha ngokubonisa ukuba umzabalazo wenkululeko usaqhuba, kuba inkululeko ngaphandle koqoqosho ngunomgogwana wenkululeko.

Full Name
Dr Lukhanyo Elvis Makhenyane
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